STEELHEAD TROUT - SALMO GAIRDNFRI OR SALMO MYKISS
Names: Steelhead, steelhead trout, ironhead, steelie.
Bright steelhead refers to fish newly arrived from the ocean into the
river, dark steelhead refers to fish close to or actually spawning, fall
back or kelt refers to post spawners.
Identification: Bright (ocean phase or newly arrived in fresh
water) steelhead are characterized by a bluish gray back and upper sides with a crisp demarcation between the bright silvery sides.
The upper head, back, sides, tail fin and upper fins are profusely speckled with small black spots. The interior of the mouth
gum line, tongue, roof is white, which distinguishes it from chinook which feature a black interior mouth, and from coho, which
exhibit a grayish colored interior. After some days in the river system the fish develop a slight pink tinge on the gillplate
which becomes more distinct as the days pass. At this point the males develop a red lateral stripe, reddish gillcovers and a duller
hued to olivaceous colored back. The females at the same time are less brilliantly marked, showing primarily pinkish to reddish
gillcovers and a pinkish lateral stripe. The male steelhead's head is longer than the females, with a longer (in advanced spawners)
hooked jaw line. As the fish draw nearer to actual spawning time, the colors become much darker in the males and more
uneven in the females, at which time they are referred to as dark fish. After spawning, the steelhead loses its dark coloration
and becomes dull grayish on the sides, dark gray- ish on the back, and gaunt looking with worn ventral and
lower tail fins.
Quick Identification: Square tail, black spots on entire tail, white mouth and gums.